Smogy Lahore Till When? — Here Are The Global Footprints To Follow
Lahore, a major city in Pakistan, has been grappling with severe smog episodes, especially during the winter months, since 2017. The smog in Lahore is primarily attributed to a combination of factors, including vehicular emissions, industrial pollutants, and the burning of waste openly in the city. Even in non-winter months, Lahore’s Air quality index remains in “unhealthy” range.
It is particularly crucial, as research worldwide indicates that the prevailing smog situation poses significant health risks to the inhabitants of Lahore, leading to a decrease in life expectancy. Fortunately, smog is not an alien phenomenon; rather, it has been a challenge since the Industrial Revolution. Developed cities in Europe and the United States have faced and addressed smog-related issues, implementing well-established models, plans, and clean air acts. These frameworks can serve as valuable templates that need to be customized for our city. Even in Asian cities such as Beijing, successful efforts have been made to eradicate smog, and Delhi is currently undertaking similar initiatives.
This article centers on three overarching categories of smog combat systems:
- Long-Term Plans for Clean Air (Exemplified by London, Los Angeles, and Beijing)
- High Population But Healthy Air Quality (Paris & Moscow)
- General Planning Ideas for Cleaner Air
ALSO READ : Lahore in Distress: Why Artificial Rain isn’t the Cure to Smog Woes?
THE GREAT SMOG OF LONDON
The Great Smog of 1952 was a severe air pollution event that occurred in London, leading to significant health issues and fatalities. In response to this environmental crisis, the British government took a series of steps to address the smog issue and improve air quality. Here are some key measures taken in the aftermath of the 1952 smog event:
Switching to Cleaner Fuels: The Clean Air Act 1956 encouraged the use of cleaner fuels and the adoption of smokeless zones where only low-pollution fuels could be used. This transition away from coal significantly contributed to improvements in air quality.
Regulation of Industrial Emissions: The Act 1956 gave local authorities the power to regulate industrial processes that contributed to air pollution. Factories were required to adopt cleaner technologies and practices, reducing emissions of pollutants into the atmosphere.
Public Awareness and Education: The government launched public awareness campaigns to educate the public about the dangers of air pollution and the importance of using cleaner fuels. These campaigns aimed to change behaviors and reduce the reliance on heavily polluting sources.
Urban Planning: Efforts were made to incorporate considerations for air quality into urban planning. The siting of industrial facilities and power stations was reconsidered to minimize their impact on populated areas.
Monitoring and Research: Increased emphasis was placed on monitoring air quality and conducting research on the sources and effects of air pollution. This scientific approach helped guide policy decisions and identify effective strategies for pollution control
LOS ANGELES PLANS TO COMBAT SMOG
Stringent Emission Standards for all emission sources: Los Angeles has implemented and continuously updated stringent emission standards for vehicles, industries, and other sources of pollution. This includes regulations on vehicle exhaust, industrial processes, and consumer products to limit the release of pollutants into the air.
Expansion of Public Transportation: The city has invested in expanding and improving public transportation infrastructure to reduce the reliance on private vehicles. This includes the development of metro rail and bus systems, encouraging more sustainable and eco-friendly modes of transportation.
Promotion of Electric Vehicles: In recent years, Los Angeles has been actively promoting the use of electric vehicles (EVs) to reduce emissions from the transportation sector. Initiatives include incentives for EV buyers, the expansion of charging infrastructure, and the integration of electric buses into public transportation fleets.
Renewable Energy Transition: The transition to renewable energy sources for power generation is another crucial aspect of the city’s plan to reduce smog. Los Angeles has been working towards increasing the share of renewable energy in its power grid to decrease the environmental impact of energy production.
Green Building Standards: The city has adopted green building standards to promote environmentally friendly construction and design practices. This includes energy-efficient buildings and the incorporation of green spaces to improve overall air quality.
Community Engagement and Education: Community engagement and public awareness campaigns play a vital role in addressing smog. Educational programs inform residents about the impacts of air pollution, how to reduce their carbon footprint, and ways to contribute to cleaner air.
Advancements in Technology: Embracing and incentivizing technological advancements that contribute to cleaner air, such as the development of cleaner vehicles and the use of advanced air quality monitoring systems, are part of the overall strategy.
Collaboration with Stakeholders: Collaborative efforts with businesses, industries, environmental organizations, and other stakeholders are crucial for implementing effective strategies. Partnerships help create a shared responsibility for improving air quality.
HOW BEIJING FOUGHT WITH RECURRING SMOG EPISODES
Industrial Emission Controls: Stricter regulations on industrial emissions have been put in place, with a focus on reducing the release of pollutants from factories and industrial facilities. Beijing has implemented measures to upgrade industrial processes, enforce emission standards, and shut down or relocate high-polluting industries. The city has been working on converting heating systems from coal to natural gas. This transition helps reduce particulate matter and other pollutants associated with coal combustion, a major contributor to smog.
Vehicle Emission Standards: Beijing has adopted and enforced stringent vehicle emission standards. This includes promoting the use of electric vehicles, implementing restrictions on the number of new vehicles allowed to register, and encouraging the adoption of cleaner technologies in the transportation sector.
Construction Site Regulations: Construction activities contribute to dust and particulate matter in the air. Beijing has implemented regulations to control dust at construction sites, including covering materials and using water to suppress dust during construction.
Green Spaces and Urban Planning: Increasing green spaces and implementing urban planning strategies that prioritize environmental sustainability are part of Beijing’s efforts. Green spaces help absorb pollutants, reduce the urban heat island effect, and contribute to overall air quality improvement.
Emergency Response Measures: Beijing has developed contingency plans for severe smog episodes. When air quality reaches hazardous levels, emergency response measures may be implemented, such as temporary restrictions on industrial activities, traffic controls, and school closures to protect public health.
Public Awareness and Involvement: Public awareness campaigns and community involvement are essential components of Beijing’s efforts to address smog. Citizens are encouraged to adopt practices that reduce air pollution, such as using public transportation, reducing vehicle idling, and supporting environmentally friendly initiatives.
Technological Solutions: The implementation of advanced technologies, such as air quality monitoring systems and data-driven decision-making, plays a crucial role in understanding and addressing air pollution patterns effectively.
Moscow And Paris- Populated But Not Polluted
Moscow and Paris are both major metropolitan cities with high population densities, which typically pose challenges for maintaining good air quality. However, both cities have implemented various measures to mitigate pollution and ensure relatively good air quality for their residents.
Investment in Public & Alternative Transportation
Both cities have heavily invested in its public transportation system, including an extensive metro network, buses, and trams. Dedicated bike lanes and bike-sharing programs encourage residents to choose bicycles for short trips, reducing traffic congestion and pollution. Initiatives such as pedestrianized zones, car-free days, and low-emission zones encourage walking, cycling, and the use of public transit.
Improvement in Industrial Practices
There are stricter regulations on industrial emissions to reduce pollution from factories and manufacturing plants. Efforts to modernize industries and adopt cleaner technologies have helped decrease the overall pollution levels.
Green Spaces and Urban Planning
The city has prioritized creating and preserving green spaces within urban areas. Parks and green belts act as natural filters, absorbing pollutants and improving air quality. Additionally, urban planning initiatives aim to reduce congestion and create pedestrian-friendly zones.
Green Initiatives and Environmental Policies
Paris has adopted ambitious environmental policies aimed at reducing air pollution and combating climate change. Initiatives include incentives for clean energy technologies, energy-efficient buildings, and green spaces. The city has also been proactive in addressing sources of pollution, such as phasing out diesel vehicles and promoting electric cars.
Other cities having excellent air quality: Thanks to healthy planning and control measures.
Stockholm, Sweden:
Stockholm has implemented congestion pricing, a system that charges vehicles for entering the city center during peak hours. This has led to a reduction in traffic congestion, emissions, and improved air quality.
Singapore:
Singapore has adopted a multi-faceted approach to tackle air pollution. The city-state regulates vehicle emissions, promotes public transportation, and invests in green spaces. Singapore also uses advanced technologies for air quality monitoring.
Zurich, Switzerland:
Zurich has implemented measures to reduce traffic congestion and air pollution. The city promotes public transportation, cycling, and walking. It has also invested in green roofs and urban green spaces.
Oslo, Norway:
Oslo has taken steps to reduce car emissions by promoting electric vehicles and investing in charging infrastructure. The city has also implemented measures to restrict the use of fossil fuels for heating.
Tokyo, Japan:
Tokyo has focused on green initiatives, including urban forestry projects.
Bogotá, Colombia:
Bogotá has implemented a successful BRT system called TransMilenio, reducing traffic congestion and air pollution. The city also promotes cycling and walking as alternative modes of transportation.
Also Read: Navigating Unseen Dangers and Solutions in Lahore’s Air Pollution Crisis
In conclusion, the transformation of Lahore into a cleaner and more sustainable city necessitates a concerted effort to adhere to the common steps adopted by clean cities worldwide. Implementing stringent controls on emissions, enforcing traffic regulations, promoting the use of bicycles, expanding public transportation options, enforcing construction regulations, and fostering green spaces are essential components of a comprehensive strategy. Particularly in the historic area of Old Lahore, urban planning that integrates green initiatives and sustainable practices is crucial. By embracing these measures, Lahore can pave the way for a healthier and more environmentally conscious future, not only mitigating air pollution but also enhancing the overall well-being of its residents. The commitment to these common steps is a significant step towards creating a model city that thrives on sustainability and sets an example for others around the globe.
